Material Resources Strategy

Topics of discussion:

• The need to conduct a LCA at the outset of any procurement process. This should be written into 1S0 9000 procedures
• Builders should include a LCA in any bid/tender
• LCA probably only really viable for the larger purchases
• When new guidance comes out it will be easier to find out the social and environmental impact of purchases
• Keep up to date with fashions and trends - what is the ‘new thing’ and how do we manage the disposal of the old one e.g. Mobile phones – think ahead
• Give consideration to environmental issues, it is a balance.

• Hampshire should be liasing with other large suppliers such as the water companies to enforce/promote use of alternative materials.
• Do people need to be forced? Can we reduce the number of choices that people have?
• Learn from other countries – explore best practice from elsewhere
• Need to be assured of quality so that consumers have the confidence to purchase recycled goods. Depends what is being purchased, some things are not suitable for recycling/do not sell as well.
• Carry out analysis on opportunities project appraisal for green procurement on design, use and disposal over 1-2 years.
• Balancing needs of local economy against opportunities available locally

• Central point for storage of equipment/furniture e.g. the NHS have no storage so unused furniture is thrown away.
• What happens to redundant medical equipment? Some exported to 3rd world countries.
• Magazine/web-site (national) where all LA’s can share information on supplies/equipment etc.

• LA’s can lead by example in procurement policy and specify recyclable/sustainable materials in going out to tender for all construction projects and supply of stationary.

• Use local authority suppliers group (LASG) to do the market development - Central buying consortium involves 17 local authorities
• Need greater visibility within organisations before information can be disseminated
• Public sector needs to be prepared to look ‘outside’ for guidance/ information
• Sharing experience is very important
• We need an easy route for innovation to be taken to purchasers.

• Promote lease of products instead of buying them – e.g. carpets in HQ. – don’t always need fully replacing.
  
  
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• Develop an information exchange database of materials, opportunities & best practice examples to provide a baseline understanding of what can be done and what the opportunities are for business

• Push the key messages – better communication required

• Promote sustainability/recycling parks – example in Manchester

• Increase awareness of products made from recycled materials? Exhibitions of recycled products (like farmers markets)
• Develop one set of standards for sustainable products

• Develop profiles of business start-ups with support from WRAP

• Use existing national networks and systems e.g. Business link, Smart Awards, Envirowise, there are lots of small organisations that can confuse the issue.
• Support schemes tend to be National, it may be better to promote a national initiative could HNRI act as conduit for national initiatives?

• Clear identification of sustainable products/lobbying Government for tax relief (VAT) on sustainable industries - especially in early days to provide a cost advantage

• Education - cost is not the bottom line for sustainable initiatives

• Role of DTI in encouraging sustainable design and publicising successes is important
• HCC to lobby DTI for guidelines to designers, grants that are easily accessible and promoting awareness of grants.

• Fast food sector – could be encouraged to use biodegradable packages
• Possibility of dealing with package and food waste through composting? Needs in-vessel composting with authority approval but not sure if this acceptable environmentally
• Many are franchises committed to a central purchasing strategy so need to influence Head Offices
• Use London Remade which matches supplier to user as an example of good practice.

• What is already happening in education e.g. Further Education Colleges, need a statement of intent from the Education Department to ensure they are fully on board
• The education authority should be encouraging ‘innovative design’ into science lessons
• Get schools and colleges working with industry
• Universities should include innovative/sustainable design degree courses – create a centre of excellence for material resources
• Develop links with the chartered institute of design and supply
• Work based training - develop a short half hour training module on sustainable design to supplement other workplace training courses – for free
• Include sustainability as a Continual Professional Development requirement

• The role of the public sector is to create ‘the climate for change’ to encourage innovation
• LA’s should produce a list (on websites) of available grants for local businesses

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This was considered to require strong messages from National, regional and local level aimed at a number of different audiences including householders, businesses and children.

• Plug gaps in the national curriculum especially for under 11s. This should be linked to broader issues of citizenship.

• Identify a high street company to work with to change peoples attitudes (talking small scale issues rather than larger complex ones). Local initiatives for national companies piloted in Hampshire first – look at HNRI or Business in the Environment for examples of companies that might want to get involved.
• What role can the planning process play with new developments? Can we restrict the products that supermarkets/businesses have on offer or the hours they are open?
• Can we influence the advertising sector and media to influence choice? To try to help create an informed choice.
• Make sustainability trendy – engage local celebrities.
• Credit approach – reward people for green purchasing/doing their best
• Put information on side of dust carts as to how much it costs to dispose of waste and maybe promote the financial savings made through recycling.
• Locally sourced materials for schools especially in the food industry (see IGD website for information).
• Learn from European initiative for variable charging schemes for waste collections – look into this and see if we can trial it in Hampshire.

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• Use different skips for different types of waste.
• Lack of planning permission for transfer stations can be a blockage.
• Promote locally sourced products to reduce transport impacts
• Transfer materials from large to small vehicles
• Plan stores near to public transport links.

• Wholesalers offer a service to collect recyclable material and electrical goods, this should be expanded to all commercial companies.
• Involve trade organisations and the Chamber of Commerce in involving high street retailers in waste/recycling schemes
• Investigate/research new linkages and economies of scale for recycling commercial waste.
• Local authorities to run a county wide campaign aimed at businesses in the High Street – in partnership with BRE and Local NGO’S etc.
• Shops to have green bin and black bin and then collected centrally.

• Promote the commercial and environmental incentives to use less packaging
• Is there really too much packaging? Packaging is required for health and safety and to prevent wastage in transportation of goods e.g. grapes are bagged to avoid them falling on the floor and you can’t reuse bags/boxes for delivering some food in case of contamination

• Viable collection arrangements need to be put in place for all the various WEEE product groups.
• Pilots for community and voluntary sector to establish WEEE collection locally (see WEEE discussion session)

• Open up domestic system of waste handling to commercial waste
• Fund a pilot scheme for combined commercial and domestic civic amenity sites
• Demonstration projects at local level to prove combined collection/disposal can work Develop commercial waste recycling targets – locally or lobby government
• Provide collection facilities for individual small retailers
• Introduce differential charging. Landfill tax focused use on this form of recycling.
• Build capacity to deal with waste recycling funded by Landfill Tax carried out as a Central Government/Local Government/private partnership.

• Relaxing car parking standards to allow recycling facilities at retail park car parks.
• Fiscal incentives needed to establish recycling facilities, needs to be led by Government
  
  
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• Not much commercial plastic goes into waste reprocessing, there is not enough to make it economical, its just bits and bobs.
• Vessels for recycling are often are not big enough to make it viable
• 20% of plastic bottles go to schools – this source needs to be collected
• Collection systems and segregation requires resources that companies (certainly smaller companies) don't have. Size is an issue, as it is very expensive to recycle, this is not a good incentive for SMEs.

• Need a driver to say that we need X% recycled materials, the lead should come from Council and Government.
• We need a BSI for recycled pipes (plastics)
• We must change the minds and views of people who think it is bad 'Steptoe & Son', 'Bellboy' - technology has improved greatly.
• Saying is made of recycled products can be a turn off, they just need to be the same standards.
• Investigate the potential for re-use of plastics, say margarine pots, (although H & S wouldn't have it) it failed at Body Shop (only 12% re-use achieved).

• Operations could be regionalised not localised to overcome economies of scale
• Raise the capacity of plastic bottle recycling
• In order to be environmentally sustainable it has to be economically sustainable.
• Chicken and egg situation between having a waste stream potential and a pricey factory plant to recycle. We need to break into the link. Need to establish feedstock before we can get processing plants involved.
• Denmark claim to have closed loop recycling in each town - recycling → power → energy, etc… They have established infrastructure in place locally.
• It is not sustainable to truck materials to Delleve, we must make it economical for them to come to us.
• All industrial estates should have a recycling centre to encourage more people to recycle.
  
  
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• Expect higher than average consumption in Hampshire?
• ID collecting firms - would give some information for domestic and commercial paper (although some information confidential)
• Approach supermarkets for information on sales
• Environment Services Association (ESA) for more information on recycling

• De-inked pulp (newsprint/magazine grades) All types of magazine can be recycled (unless plastic coated)

• Show grades (packaging) All packaging can be re-used - all paper fibre can be reused about 8 times!

• Tissues grades - higher quantities - for office papers

• Yellow pages - inks sets into the fibres therefore cannot be used

• Newsprint industry

• closest to a sustainable industry that we have
• important to keep economic growth going - to keep producing enough material, to keep recycling strong – so don’t use less paper!

• UK will export excess recyclable paper as it is not needed here, can get good rates for returning packaging to the Far East
• Social responsibility is where lots of pressure for recycling is coming from not producer responsibility

• New legislation coming will stop re-use of packaging material that may have been contaminated by being near to food

• Paperless office doesn’t exist, growth in technology mirrors growth in paper investment

• Very low % of office paper captured at present - how to capture more paper?

• Need recycling bin in every office: market can be found - just need to 'harvest' it from offices, especially smaller offices.

• Target messages – there is a connection between socio-economic/demographics and paper consumption - i.e. inner city, more newspaper use

• Schools - 70 - 90% waste is paper – but mixed paper which causes a problem for recycling

• There is no local authority subsidy for commercial waste paper recycling

• Printing both sides of any paper and photocopying both sides especially local authority stuff - Councils need to set the example (do we really need to send out as much info as we do?)

• Information sharing - leaflets on paper recycling for offices - information on how to improve and who to contact

• Opening up household waste recycling centres to trade waste as well as domestic

• What facilities exist for commercial recycling? need recycling banks on every industrial site

• Problems of trying to put a recycling bin or paper bank somewhere – space is precious

• Industry says - paper must be sorted at house - would small businesses do this - or do they need to be paid?

• What about more local recycling facilities instead of sending it elsewhere?
• What would help to deliver more paper to recycling - infrastructure?

• Find out what small businesses want paper recycling firms to do to help them recycle?

• No capacity for commercial waste at MRF and incinerators
  
  
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• Innovation for clothing with a longer life e.g. chemical bonding instead of stitching or biodegradable clothing.
• More interaction between research and development, academia and trade and industry
• Increased awareness and communications, 'tomorrow’s' marketing techniques

• Define what is included under 'textiles'?

• Find out about commercial and industrial textiles

• Bring together users and producers in local markets currently recycled product too expensive to put back into manufacturing
• Give retailers incentives by credits/recognition
• Ban the concept at fashion
• Develop a communication strategy for the people at Hampshire re. textiles

• Improve message of textiles reuse and not put everything in the bin. Public messages/awareness of textiles reuse/recycling

• Education (particularly at schools) on textiles emphasising repair and re-use

• Better understanding of what is classed as reusable and what is recyclable, and separate banks for reusable clothes and old rags
• Find the balance between charities that need to reuse textiles and make money and Councils that need to reduce waste and related costs

• When advertising for kerbside collection, suggest charity shops as first disposal route; have better publicity for collection services to households by charities.
• Charities will collect recyclable textiles as long as the ratio of reusable to recyclable textiles stays the same.
• Collection system for recyclable textiles at a low cost
• Give household collection weights to Councils to help increase targets.
• More bring banks in Hampshire for quality material and kerbside for old rags, and make clothing bank sites more attractive
• Bar End household waste recycling centre located a sorting facility on-site for charities to reduce transport costs
• More research and development e.g. technology for reuse of secondary textiles, innovation for new ideas for products

• More statistics to help make decisions/estimates to decide on best environmental solution for textiles. Identify what we are achieving and what we could potentially achieve then identify where new facilities/partnerships can be made.
• Determine how much clothing is sold
• Develop a mass balance on textiles

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• 20% white goods and 80% mobile phones re-furbished and resold
• Who has responsibility for a refurbished product?

• How does size of business relate WEEE recycling/re-use?
• Collected WEEE contributes to recycling targets
• Concern over collection of batteries and mobile phones.

• Complacency over disposal of hazardous waste in landfill
• CA sites not the most efficient way of collecting WEEE. Kerbside collection most efficient.
• Multi-stream collection can be easily contaminated
• Categorise materials related to dismantling and recycling process

• There are no barriers to reuse - need emphasis on re-use and better targets for re-use

• Need strategy and collection process for small WEEE
• Need to focus on re-using IT, do not need high specification IT for good educational value, IT equipment goes to Poland

• Build on experience - Grundons have done a WEEE trial, Brother reuse print cartridges.
• Change the messages - concern over marketing that promotes obsolescence.

• CRT de-manufacture is a problem.
• Retailer take back obligation needs to be widened

• Drive for household segregation of WEEE

• Focus on collection before deciding on a facility
• Be proactive and promote WEEE collection to achieve better targets
• Why would Hampshire want to build a plant?
• Infrastructure would be very high tech and expensive

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• Don’t know recovery rates of metals. Where is material being lost/land filled?

• Need to know commercial and industrial sector arisings

• Other metals apart from cans e.g. metal taps, need recovery systems for this type of product e.g. ‘Heavy waste’ collection in France

• Need info on other metals, not just cans - problem of information gathering

• Presence of plastic and other materials – is contamination a problem?

• Clear communication messages and co-ordination required. Need regular, consistent messages - Role of MRS

• Engage schools in recycling

• Review regulations to enable cans to be collected from SMEs

• Stimulate community sector for refurbishment/re-use can provide additional jobs

• Separation of component parts (white goods etc) link to WEEE

• Re-use of car parts (scrap dealer etc)
• Metals have a returnable investment and many market opportunities

• Problem of mixed commercial waste and need to sort through skip waste (some companies are doing this already). Industrial parks could share communal areas (skips) to put their metal waste in. Design recycling centres/systems into industrial parks.
• Use existing networks Chamber of Commerce, Industrial Parks

• Problem of regulation - ‘waste carrier licence’ could be a barrier

• CA sites to be developed, could include commercial waste

• Database/exchange of who does what where

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• Black hole relating to information on exempt activities

• List of recyclers and additional website/info links
• Jargon buster required

• How does total aggregate use relate to the Minerals Strategy? (MPG 6)
• Expand and explain Planning Permission issues – how do we tackle NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard)

• Refine quantities
• Land classification
• Establish criteria for site locations
• Proximity principle/minimising transport
• Promotion of activities and the re-use of materials
• Dovetail planning with demand
• Vetting/suitability of operator
• Licensing issues – equipment problems
• Minimise environmental impact at permanent locations

• Recycling facilities in the right place – not in the countryside

• More local facilities? Preferential planning?

• Improve integration outside county boundary
• Building companies want recovery of more specific materials such as metal and wood

• Close the loop on second hand wood from construction sites

• Take greater control of ‘supply only’ and Prime Cost
• Education and promotion of best practice - find opportunities for face to face communication

• Relaxation of standards? Change performance specifications? Alternative materials standards?

• Local authority specification of recycled materials (policy)

• Design waste out of contracts, specify reprocessing.

• Better policing of household waste recycling centres

• Use incentives - lower charges, free collection?

• Construction seminar

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• The challenge is to recycle the various elements that are not currently recycled.

• The materials left over tend to be quite valuable, however getting the materials out of the car is an issue and amounts are quite small.
• Breakdown of materials was very good in the past, however these components have changed over the last 20 years. Cutting edge technology is currently being tested and in the car industry this takes ten years. It is a continuous rollover of technology

• Numbers of AV’s had been increasing however now levelled off

• Tyres are landfilled, incinerated or used for road surface. In future they will be processed to break them down for reuse. New regulations mean that remoulded tyres have to be of the same standard as new. However does depend on the wear of original tyre. RBI innovative building exhibition shows a recycled tyre building.

• Could we incinerate this ‘waste’ to recover energy?

• Is there enough land to store vehicles?

• Explore the links with other material streams particularly WEEE

• Market development for recycled materials is the main thing that needs to happen
• Put pressure on those with political power to get it on the agenda in Hampshire
• Develop business opportunity for dismantling parts to extract recyclable elements

• As single biggest consumer in Hampshire HCC needs to lead by example, influence their staff and address their procurement in its widest sense

• Development of the specifications of recycled materials, especially plastics.

• WRAP looked at whether you can reuse car plastic parts to make more car parts. Following tests they have made a table of specifications for recycled plastics.

• Integrate into contractual obligations for supply of materials

• Long lease contracts have been signed to supply a certain material and changing to recycled materials could be an issue.
• Adapt this to a more flexible or to allow for adoption
• Suppliers for recycled materials are different from existing suppliers and may not be as reliable – encourage existing suppliers to consider recycled materials.

• Explore options to develop a market for recycled steel in Hampshire? However this market is dominated by ‘developing nations’.
• Glass (laminated and toughened) and plastics from vehicles are currently not recycled
• Network take-back scheme – information for residents; Local authorities advertising places where people can take their vehicles to – must be easy for the public and choice

• Encourage innovative in designing recovery approaches for materials from cars - a competition?

• Need a machine that can sort out the processed elements of the dismantled car

• Is there any way we can standardise the controls on scrap yards in relation to recycling all (or as much as possible) materials from ELV’s + AU’s? Licensing scrap yards is responsibility of the Environment Agency.

• Enforce existing regulation in relation to 24 hour notice for AV’s
  
  
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• Clarify public and commercial "Promotions" (page 1)

• Security issues related to bottle banks
• Clarification of costs
• Cleaning of bottles – is this an option
• New foundry opening on Wirral in March 2004 (page 7) more information?

• General overall impact of bottle recycling on environmental footprints

• re-use of bottles: make clear why re-use isn't an option. What is the energy cost in the re-use process?

• Possibility of a whole life cycle cost analysis of glass process?
• Is the decorative glass pebble market growing?

• All Hampshire glass goes to Southampton and will do so for 10 years
• We are expanding into commercial area
• Obstacle - differential (legal) view of commercial/domestic glass (linked to glass credits)

• Rundown of oil means less plastic bottles, will this boost glass markets. But plastics recycling may take off

• Broken glass - avoid it going to landfill
• Improve design and management of bottlebanks
• Increase glass recycling performance (kerb or bring)
• Improve knowledge and info between county areas and for householders
• Homogeneity of waste streams

• Increase volumes collected

• expand commercial collections
• integrate commercial/domestic glass collections: overcome obstacle of differential treatment/credits for commercial/domestic glass
• make flat (architectural) glass recycling facilities available (agricultural growers produce a lot), introduce flat glass recycling facilities at HWRCs
• ensure that authorities meet targets for bottle bank density or introduce kerbside
• publicity and education to improve glass recycling rates

• Increased volumes will make it attractive for the Southampton Glass Recycling Group (John Bowden) to set up a manufacturing plant (potential for glass from other Counties).

• 60K tonnes glass volume needed by Glass Recycling Group to be viable.
• Will require doubling of the current collection in Hampshire. Plant will require capital support.
• Transport costs are low due to location of plant
  
  
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• Accuracy of data in National Waste Survey (EA) is questionable

• As new materials are classified as hazardous the problem may grown because lack of local infrastructure

• Put HNRI data in revised briefing note
• Expand on possible treatments:

• Chemical treatment e.g. mix acid with an alkali
• Physical treatment e.g. sealant tissues which might allow landfill
• Biological treatment e.g. mix with bacteria to reduce toxicity

• Need to look at available solutions either in Hampshire or outside e.g. national strategic facilities.

• Can we recycle more hazardous waste? Better to reduce amount produced if possible. Impact of Directive – special cells in landfill but regulatory framework is not in place to protect landfill owners. BIFFA won’t collect it so it will accumulate at point of production.

• Is there likely to be an increase in fly-tipping due to cost of disposal. Not a problem yet. But according to the EA hazardous waste is a growing challenge

• Landfills for hazardous waste are further away as demand is lower – this impacts on transport costs and may make other disposal methods competitive.
• Customers are price driven in disposal of their waste However Shanks incinerator needs to make £250 tonne and landfill is only about £50 tonne.

• Better data capture is required to discover producers and disposers, and quantify materials produced – EA are implementing this

• MRS needs to be more issues focussed and provide solutions.

• Need to address infrastructure requirements for the future and ensure that the MRS is well planned and integrated, and includes regional and national facilities to gain economies of scale

• If Local treatment facilities were required this would need better planning and involvement of community groups.

• Co-disposal of hazardous waste with other waste in incinerators could be possible

• Pre-treatment of hazardous waste prior to landfill might be fairly minimal

• EA are visiting waste producers to tell them about future changes in treatment

• Major waste companies can act as a broker between disposers and people can use it (e.g. cement kilns)

• Hazardous domestic waste needs to be moved into hazardous waste stream. Hazardous waste in this stream is diluted.

• Hazardous waste from domestic sources is not covered by legislation. This is a significant quantity. Will SMEs take their waste home and put it in their bins? HWRC are starting to provide facilities to dispose of hazardous household waste.

• Costs of disposing of hazardous waste are high enough that companies do try to minimise their hazardous waste output and change their manufacturing processes

• Kodak have made changes to their products.
• Paint has also developed as a result it is more expensive but has lower disposal costs.
• B&Q have reduced their production of hazardous waste to save money
• There are economically viable outlets for oil wastes in Hampshire already.
• Market for fluorescent tube recovery has grown
• BIFFA didn’t build a fridge recycling facility because others are doing it without a WML on an existing permit under the Control of Pollution Act.

• Waste producers will start looking at how they classify their wastes. Less may be classified as ‘special’ in the future because it might be sorted on site by a chemist due to costs of disposal.
• Rechem incinerator has lost a lot of business to cement kilns. Good for hazardous waste producers because it is classed as recovery rather than disposal.

• EA can’t use money from licences for regulated activity on cracking down on illegal activities. Could Government be lobbied to let EA spend a proportion on this? Permitting Review is coming out in May so this could be a good opportunity to do this.

• Planning system is key because it can obstruct management of hazardous waste. Needs to be thought about and integrated into the plan

• Lobby for Government subsidies for safer products

• Infrastructure is very high cost. Some types of HW will have to go out of County as for some material reprocessing we only need one facility to serve the whole country.

• Regional approach to hazardous is good because need to get high enough inputs to make them cost effective. Hampshire may need bulking and transfer stations to assist with transport to centralised facilities.
• Isle of Wight has no facilities to dispose of hazardous waste and will need to come into or through Hampshire. Therefore there will be a net increase in inputs.
  
  
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• Invessel facilities require investment with other companies e.g. Oynx

• Cost effectiveness of facilities is often major concern

• Hampshire is well placed with regards to infrastructure with Southern Water.
• Infrastructure needs depend on the approach to disposal e.g. granulation at Southern Water

• Danger is the market, we are dependent on product development and demand

• Mix residual material with poor quality compost use different ratios for different markets

• Fertilisers e.g. product mixed with ‘pure’ IBA from Cambridge (straw) to make fertiliser. Possible mix with green waste? – through invessel composting.

• Sewage sludge is heavily regulated
• Does HCC promote sustainable use of product?

• Public perception: costs for disposal are not realised, public need to accept that they may need to pay more to help with future disposal -external costs of disposal must be highlighted

• Metering could be imposed on public in long term
• Producer pays?

• Polluter Pays?
• Lifestyle issue - why is water seen as inexpensive?

• Public perception has very big implications for reuse. Procurement chains stop large companies from using land. Perception is that farmyard manure is fine, despite high nitrates, but that human deduced manure is not

• Technological change and investment will be key to changing public perception

• Bestway – used on playing fields/Southampton football club.

• Government investment has a massive impact on how companies choose to dispose and what end products are produced

• Legislative framework is not restrictive of practices – underpins system.

• Agricultural market demands quality in product produced
• Capital investment/infrastructure for wastewater treatment
• Grey water

• Green composting

• will heavily impact markets/products produced e.g. fertiliser
• possibilities for future development of product: must be at in-vessel plants, discussions at present on ONYX links

• Research into other areas where sewage sludge can be managed/disposed of, long term

• Landfill (Leeds)
• Incineration for fuel
• Aggregate industry – cement kiln

• Waste gases used to produce energy from waste - methane dried or heated to form electricity

• Environmental concerns - high levels of regulation in place, work closely with EA

• Clarify composting sites those mentioned are not for composting sewage sludge

• Need to renew definition issues within legislation

• Impact of climate change on the management of products for the future

• Concentrated product will not be affected, 6 month storage of product
• Technology and improved product has increased effectiveness of product in all weathers

• Supply of freshwater and disposal of wastewater, what is key concern for the future?

• Southern Water has strategies to cover both
• Recharging effluent, recharging aquifers – biodiversity benefits
• Capital investment/infrastructure mean waste water is easier to manage
• Water is finite resource (link to Action Plans etc)

• Anglian Water plant (Page 4) – only took 15 tonnes and company bust as it was not active although may in the future be reinstated
• Need to encourage use of rainwater for use in home/gardens etc – should this be considered in water waste strategy? (Page 1)

• In the section on ‘main opportunities’. What does the development of products mean? What and how is this to be done? By whom? A more integrated strategy is needed.

• Constraints implicating disposal / management / products e.g. land use, source protection zones

• Commercial responsibility of companies: there are a number of ways that companies can influence use. There needs to be closer liaison with water companies.
• What is HCC’s role in dictating new markets/new products? HCC can support through use of products. Review HCC Procurement Policy

• Perception issue
• Scientific issues with use of product in community sensitive areas, e.g. playing fields

• Water industry would welcome support/investment.

• Industry self regulation v legislation
  
  
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• Don’t know waste arisings from commercial sector, e.g. grounds maintenance – suspect some composting, fly tipping and burning

• New legislation for farmers will mean they need waste management licence - could bring them into the loop for end product, organic sector already involved

• What is the impact of this type of waste compared to other types of waste? - production of CO² through composting rather than methane through landfill

• Difference between green and more woody type materials from, for example, forestry

• Need information on residue from green waste composting and what to do with it

• biomass fuel worth even more if classed as waste, link to energy generation
• further composting enhances use as biomass fuel as is dried through composting

• Biodegradable and recyclable packaging should be more clearly recognisable

• Market for bio-remediation - composted materials on brownfield sites

• Subsidised / free composting bins.

• Caution on applicability of home composting, especially in urban areas. Good and realistic advice is essential. Communal composting bins for flats can work with compost then used in grounds.

• Are home composters effective? Need analysis on how effective home composting promotion is in terms of end result, to help determine where to spend resources

• Community advocates can help explain ‘how’ to other people e.g. allotment associations. Better than message from ‘Council’.

• Home composting could be increased through education and promotion e.g. Hampshire home composter of the year competition

• Range of options at different scales e.g. home composting, kerbside collection, civic amenity sites
• Develop different receptacles i.e. green standard sized waste bin that fits in the boot of a car

• Working group to determine commercial waste quantities

• Trawl through Hants business directories could produce list of companies to survey
• Country Land Owners Association – source of information

• Commercial sector slow in take up – grounds maintenance, highway maintenance - LAs have a role in specifying use of products (e.g. waste arising sent for recycling or at least this option is developed) in contracts i.e. procurement

• Some business believe, incorrectly, that recycling would be a cost to them - requires marketing strategy
• Agricultural waste – potential to combine with commercial green waste/domestic

• What do local authorities do with their green waste?

• Could expand initiatives in schools e.g. Paulsgrove school.

• done through donations / voluntary effort
• links to national curriculum
• Role for Parent/teacher associations and school governors

• Co-ordinate and engage education department – infrastructure is there for site visits etc.

• Hants Waste Services websites www.ecostar.com a useful teaching aid

• Smaller satellite facilities are uneconomic - 20,000 tonnes p/a is the minimum viable size

• There are some biomass plants around (none in Hampshire) but not many composting facilities

• At the moment don’t need much more land for composting, but this depends on commercial sector and take up from them. The potential increase in housing numbers would have implications for land needed for composting.

• Key site criteria:

• Rural sites are best as open composting needs to be at least 250m away from sensitive receptor – operators would want to be at least 500m away,
• Contained composting (in a building) can go in urban areas – these are much more expensive but would have lower transport costs and have a faster throughput of material.

• Processing costs are roughly £50/60 per tonne in building compared to £20 for open composting. For closed/contained composting would need to combine green waste with other types e.g. animal/meat waste – this brings other problems.

• Planning is time consuming – it can take 2.5 years lead in time just to expand a facility.

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• Need data on commercial food waste – recognition of the bigger issues associated with commercial rather than domestic food/residual waste.

• How much material comes from unsold food out of supermarkets – indications are that supermarkets have good data on food.

• Look at risk realistically consider the Animal By Products Order (ABPO), foot and mouth and the log risk relationship evaluated by DEFRA.
• What are the risks related to in vessel or in building composting?

• Issues on quality and input specification – we have a definition of catering and ABPO waste therefore composting standards can be defined. An additional requirement is for state veterinary and EA licensing.

• Clarification is required on the ABPO processing and regulation of sites.

• Page 1 – reducing over shopping – needs more work and some expansion (informed shopping required therefore look at informing shoppers)

• Questions on biowaste directive and the different grades of compost, we need to dovetail new products with landfill directive.

• Fill in gaps on food waste to get additional data e.g. low ecological foot print look at breaking down information for Hampshire.
• Review the other options that exist for biological processing. We can use technologies to process food waste need to evaluate options and include results of New Technology Funds.

• Balance between what we need and what we want - culture of convenience

• ‘Buy one get one free’ and sell-by dates increase waste production.

• Some suspicions on out of date food and whether sell-by dates are too conservative.

• "Just in time" policies, that provide foods in case customers want them are very wasteful. Some supermarket policies mean 20% of food is thrown out.
• Look at procurement contracts and controlling arrangements to reduce food waste.

• Supermarkets don’t operate a standardised system, we need to engage retailers and food producers.

• Can we tackle these problems by encouraging supermarkets to work with food charities.

• Advice is available look at changing the messages given out by supermarkets e.g. do you need to the buy one get one free, engage with retailers and the general public.

• Link with the lifestyles strategy

• Education on foods and basic common sense required -York study on food and consumption. Use ‘Home Economics’classes, links separating food waste with other issues rather than simply focusing on a waste.

• Some supermarkets are already providing food distribution programmes in some areas and supermarkets are also selling discount foods e.g. broken biscuits and meat ends in order to save money (and reduce waste).

• Look at the potential for waste exchange programmes for commercial waste e.g. community projects and food exchanges for hospitals

• Look at source segregation against residual waste processing.
• Need to see difference between source segregation of commercial biowaste and domestic biowaste we also need to consider the public sector e.g. schools/hospitals.
• We can’t wait for legislation to change to plan our infrastructure.
• We need more information on food waste and the complexities of treating, collecting segregating/processing food waste – it is not a simple issue.

• Source segregation of waste, mixed collection has an impact on quality
• Need to look at segregation of waste from commercial premises but need to obtain the information first
• If material is separated at source we need to have facilities in place to process food/residual waste.
• Need to look at justification of costs for processing. If source segregated then it will have a value. But also need to consider weight and volume for landfill if we can’t do anything with this material.

• Real confusion about appropriateness of kitchen waste in the composting stream
• Anything organic can be composted. "Householders" need more guidance on the process of home composting - what can and can’t be composted

• Very little strong independent scientific research on composting – we need to get a joint view on available data and we need an independent best practice view on food composting and processing options.
• To determine standards based on an independent view we need to have open forum on composting and processing issues.

• Create better links between infrastructure integrated with commercial waste.
• Make link on planning and/or with soil strategy.
• Develop a high quality product to be used on land in order to reduce use of fertilizers or for markets such as peat substitutes.

• Look at specification of recycled/soil improvers e.g. for imported topsoil for building new developments.

• Work up a strategy for dealing with biowaste in Hampshire

• Sign up the Open University and Onyx to the small resource group

• Measure the amount of green waste in the residual bin
• Measure data available from 1999 survey
• Develop an action plan to identify where you could use each of the processing options e.g. local composting and large scale facilities for commercial waste, must recognise that community composting has a role and beneficial spin-offs

• Fiscal measures are very important and is currently not where it needs to be. Hampshire need to lobby this and assume that the market will correct itself – landfill tax is very important in order to drive the demand for high quality material market.

• Consider other methods of determining cost of food waste (the baguette example)
• Possible ‘National’ standard for reprocessed food waste

• Involve Restaurants/Supermarkets/fast food chains as this group produces most waste. First engage them, then collect data.
• Do we have any fast food chain head offices in Hampshire - ask Environmental Health Officers

• Develop a competition for reducing waste associated with farmers markets
• Encourage chefs to look at recipes using left over food.
• The Environment Agency has a requirement for condemned food to be destroyed, this includes waste from warehouses, docks, commerce, customs and excise and imports. This is a significant amount of material and we need to look at using reprocessing as part of the destruction process.
• Look at quality standards for end markets focus on markets for high quality source segregated material.

• Market is about creating profit

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